Archive for July, 2011

Linguistic Facts in Balkan Region

Serbia and Montenegro gained the official title of the state as of February 4, 2003, as a result of the process of restructuring the country prior known as The Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. Serbia and Montenegro is the biggest descendant of the dissolved Socialistic Federative Republic of Yugoslavia and consists of two republics: Serbia and Montenegro.
Within Serbia, there are two autonomous provinces, Vojvodina and Kosovo. Kosovo was under the protectorate of the UN from 1999. Language policy and manipulations of time, title status and names of different languages took an important part in the number of intra-national unrests that broke out from 1990 till 1999 and it is yet a super sensitive issue in the total area of the Balkans. Quality Italian translators
The state tongue of the Republic of Serbia is Serbian (with over 6 000 000 speakers in the area of Serbia without Kosovo, or 88% of the population); the same judicial status is afforded to both the Cyrillic and the Roman spelling, although the latest is favored for Serbian state administration. Minority languages, that are also in governmental use in the parts where they are spoken, are Hungarian (according to the 2002 census data of the Statistical Institute of the Republic of Serbia, approximated at 286 500 natives), Bosnian (134 500 speakers), Romanian (82 000 speakers), Albanian (63 500 speakers), Slovakian (57 500 speakers), Valachian (55 000 speakers), Romanian (34 500 speakers), Croatian (27 500 speakers), Bulgarian (16 500 speakers), and Macedonian (14 500 speakers). Local languages are used at all stages of education: in primary schools, high schools, and at technical schools and academies. One linguistic effect of the political and ethnic vulnerabilities of the 1990s is that the language that used to be officially named Serbo-Croat has received several new ethnically and politically based names. Thus, the names Bosnian, Croat and Serbianare governmentally engaged and refer to the same language with acceptable slight variations. The language has a couple major dialects, Ekavian and Ijekavian.
But, as a rule, Ekavian is spoken widely in Serbia (and parts of Croatia), and Ijekavian is spoken more in Montenegro (and also in Bosnia, Herzegovina, and parts of Croatia), these variations do not coincide with the nationally motivated names.
The linguistic situation in Kosovo is less clear now, because about 300 000 refugees from this region, mostly Serbs, are still on the stage of returning to their places. This fact makes the figures of speakers reported unpredictable. These days, by the authority of Kosovo, about 1 670 000, or 88% of the citizens of Kosovo, speak Albanian, and about 133 000, or 7%, are speakers of Serbian. The rest of the population (5%) speaks mostly Romanian, Bosnian, Greek. HQ-translate: Greek translation service
The title tongue of the Republic of Montenegro is Serbian, but there are recent developments to introduce the name Montenegrin, either parallel to or as a replacement to the term Serbian. Similar as with Serbian, Croatian, and Bosnian, this term addresses the same language that used to be called Serbo-Croat, and is rather a matter of governmental decisions and convictions.
The Cyrillic and the Roman spelling are officially in use. The 2003 census data from the StatOffice of the Republic of Montenegro show that about 401 500, or 60% of the citizens of Montenegro, declare themselves as natives of Serbian, about 145 000 (22%) speak Montenegrin, nearly 49 500 (7%) speak Albanian, 29 000 (4%) are speakers of Bosnian, and about 3000 speak other languages.

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